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Twisted Pair Cable
Twisted pair cable wired in a star topology is the most common type of network medium used in LAN today.most of the LAN installed today use unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, or shielded twisted pair (STP) variety for use in environments more prone to electromagnetic interference. UTP cable contains eight separate conductors, as opposed to the two used in coaxial cable.
crosstalk - It is a noise caused due to electromagnetic interference between two cable.
Twisted pair cable are two types
Unshielded twisted pair cable
Shielded twisted pair cable
Unshielded twisted pair cable
The two most significant UTP grades for LAN use are category 3 and category 5. category 3 cable was designed for voice-grade telephone network and eventually came to be used for ethernet.category 3 cable is sufficient for 10 Mbps ethernet network,it is called 10BaseT,but it is generally not used fast ethernet. all new UTP cable installation today use at least category 5 cable.
Shielded twisted pair cable
Shielded twisted pair cable is similar in construction to UTP, except that it has only two pairs of wires and it also has additional foil or mesh shielding around each pair. this additional shielding in STP cable makes it preferable to UTP in installations where electromagnetic interference creates problem, due to the proximity of electrical equipment.
Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber optic cable is a completely different type and recent network medium. instead of carrying signals over copper conductors in the form electrical voltages,fiber optic cables transmit pulses of light over a glass or plastic conductor. fiber optic cable is completely resistant to the electromagnetic interference that so easily affects copper-based cables.
The longer the cable,the weaker the signal gets.on copper cables,signals weaken to the point of unread ability depending on the type of cable (after 100 to 500 meters).can span distance up to 120 kilometers without excessive signal degradation.
A fiber optic cable consist of a clear glass or clear plastic core that actually carries the light pulses,and is surrounded by a reflective layer called the cladding. so single mode fiber is more commonly found in outdoor installations that span long distance,such as telephone and cable television network.
Installing fiber optic cable is very different from any copper cable installation.the tools and testing equipment for installation are different,as are the cabling guidelines.
Note : Internal core type,number of pairs of cables inside the cables.
This will explain you working of different types network cables.
I've explain you everything how these different types of cables.
The following sections discuss the types of cables used in networks.
- Coaxial Cable
- Twisted Pair Cable
- Fiber Optic Cable
Coaxial cable and Twisted pair cables are copper-based,while fiber optic cables use glass or plastic conductors.
Coaxial Cable
Coaxial cable contains two conductors within the sheath. Unlike other two-conductor cables,however, coaxial cable has one conductor inside the other.
at the center of the cable is the copper core,which actually carries the electrical signals.
The core can be solid copper or composed of braided strands of copper.
this second conductor functions as the cables ground.
Coaxial cable are available and different types :- RG8,RG58,RG59,RG6.
RG is Radio government.
Twisted Pair Cable
Twisted pair cable wired in a star topology is the most common type of network medium used in LAN today.most of the LAN installed today use unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, or shielded twisted pair (STP) variety for use in environments more prone to electromagnetic interference. UTP cable contains eight separate conductors, as opposed to the two used in coaxial cable.
The twists prevent the signals on the different wire pairs from interfering with each other crosstalk and also provide resistance to outside interference.
crosstalk - It is a noise caused due to electromagnetic interference between two cable.
Twisted pair cable are two types
Unshielded twisted pair cable
Shielded twisted pair cable
Unshielded twisted pair cable
The two most significant UTP grades for LAN use are category 3 and category 5. category 3 cable was designed for voice-grade telephone network and eventually came to be used for ethernet.category 3 cable is sufficient for 10 Mbps ethernet network,it is called 10BaseT,but it is generally not used fast ethernet. all new UTP cable installation today use at least category 5 cable.
Shielded twisted pair cable
Shielded twisted pair cable is similar in construction to UTP, except that it has only two pairs of wires and it also has additional foil or mesh shielding around each pair. this additional shielding in STP cable makes it preferable to UTP in installations where electromagnetic interference creates problem, due to the proximity of electrical equipment.
Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber optic cable is a completely different type and recent network medium. instead of carrying signals over copper conductors in the form electrical voltages,fiber optic cables transmit pulses of light over a glass or plastic conductor. fiber optic cable is completely resistant to the electromagnetic interference that so easily affects copper-based cables.
The longer the cable,the weaker the signal gets.on copper cables,signals weaken to the point of unread ability depending on the type of cable (after 100 to 500 meters).can span distance up to 120 kilometers without excessive signal degradation.
A fiber optic cable consist of a clear glass or clear plastic core that actually carries the light pulses,and is surrounded by a reflective layer called the cladding. so single mode fiber is more commonly found in outdoor installations that span long distance,such as telephone and cable television network.
Installing fiber optic cable is very different from any copper cable installation.the tools and testing equipment for installation are different,as are the cabling guidelines.
Note : Internal core type,number of pairs of cables inside the cables.
